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Description
Noise: A Flaw in Human JudgmentFrom the Nobel Prize winning author of Thinking, Fast and Slow and the coauthor of Nudge, a revolutionary exploration of why people make bad judgments and how to make better ones "a tour de force" (New York Times). Imagine that two doctors in the same city give different diagnoses to identical patients or that two judges in the same courthouse give markedly different sentences to people who have committed the same crime. Suppose that different
From the Nobel Prize-winning author of Thinking, Fast and Slow and the coauthor of Nudge, a revolutionary exploration of why people make bad judgments and how to make better ones--"a tour de force" (New York Times).
Imagine that two doctors in the same city give different diagnoses to identical patients--or that two judges in the same courthouse give markedly different sentences to people who have committed the same crime. Suppose that different interviewers at the same firm make different decisions about indistinguishable job applicants--or that when a company is handling customer complaints, the resolution depends on who happens to answer the phone. Now imagine that the same doctor, the same judge, the same interviewer, or the same customer service agent makes different decisions depending on whether it is morning or afternoon, or Monday rather than Wednesday. These are examples of noise: variability in judgments that should be identical.
In Noise, Daniel Kahneman, Olivier Sibony, and Cass R. Sunstein show the detrimental effects of noise in many fields, including medicine, law, economic forecasting, forensic science, bail, child protection, strategy, performance reviews, and personnel selection. Wherever there is judgment, there is noise. Yet, most of the time, individuals and organizations alike are unaware of it. They neglect noise. With a few simple remedies, people can reduce both noise and bias, and so make far better decisions.
Packed with original ideas, and offering the same kinds of research-based insights that made Thinking, Fast and Slow and Nudge groundbreaking New York Times bestsellers, Noise explains how and why humans are so susceptible to noise in judgment--and what we can do about it.
Review Citations:
- Publishers Weekly 03/15/2021 (EAN 9780316451406, Hardcover)
- Kirkus Reviews 04/01/2021 (EAN 9780316451406, Hardcover)
ABOUT THE AUTHORS
Daniel Kahneman is the Eugene Higgins Professor of Psychology, Princeton University, Professor of Public Affairs, Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, and the winner of the 2002 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences. Kahneman is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the National Academy of Sciences. He is a fellow of the American Psychological Association, the American Psychological Society, the Society of Experimental Psychologists, and the Econometric Society. He has been the recipient of numerous awards, among them the Distinguished Scientific Contribution Award of the American Psychological Association, the Warren Medal of the Society of Experimental Psychologists, and Hilgard Award for Career Contributions to General Psychology, and the Award for Lifetime Contributions to Psychology from the American Psychological Association. He lives in New York City. He is the author of New York Times bestseller Thinking, Fast and Slow.
Olivier Sibony is a professor, writer and advisor specializing in the quality of strategic thinking and the design of decision processes. Sibony teaches Strategy, Decision Making and Problem Solving at HEC Paris. He is also an Associate Fellow of Saïd Business School in Oxford University. Sibony's research centers on improving the quality of decision making by reducing the impact of behavioral biases. He is the author of numerous articles in academic and popular publications, including Before You Make That Big Decision, co-authored with Nobel Prize winner Daniel Kahneman.
Cass R. Sunstein is currently the Robert Walmsley University Professor at Harvard. From 2009 to 2012, he was Administrator of the White House Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs. From 2013 to 2014, he served on President Obama's Review Group on Intelligence and Communications Technologies. From 2016 to 2017, he served on the Defense Innovation Board of the US Department of Defense. Sunstein is author of many articles and books, including two New York Times bestsellers: The World According to Star Wars and Nudge (with Richard H. Thaler). His other books include Republic.com, Risk and Reason, Why Societies Need Dissent, The Second Bill of Rights, Conspiracy Theories and Other Dangerous Ideas, The Ethics of Influence, and Can It Happen Here? Authoritarianism in America. He lives in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
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4.5 ★★★★★
Based on 486 reviews
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Product Reviews
★★★★★ 4
Great alternative to the grunting pigs!
Color: Pink, Style: Grunt Sound
We go through A LOT of dog toys at my dog based business. The grunting pigs are super cute, but they are also super fragile. It is incredibly easy to dislodge the squeaker. (Grunter?) These are certainly not robust chew toys, but the squeaker is about 30% better at staying put than that of the pigs. It's also smaller, so it's easier for the smaller dogs to play with. These are a new favorite!
Update: August, 2024 I bought an orange hedgehog. Amazon won't let me review that separately so I had to add to my sheep review. The orange hedgehog is only 3 stars. It is made of a harder plastic than the bear and the sheep. It also has a standard squeaker, not the grunting of the bear and sheep. But harder plastic DOES NOT mean that it will withstand an aggressive chewer! If your dog likes to "kill the squeaker" they will be able to do so in minutes! This IS NOT a chew toy! If you are looking for a toy for an aggressive chewer, look at the Orbeez line from Outward Hound. The other thing that makes me less enthusiastic about the orange hedgehog is that the yellow paint started flaking off immediately. I will have to scrub it all off because it looks terrible! The dogs don't care, but their owners sure do! I haven't had that problem with the sheep or the bears. The orange hedgehog is almost like it's from a completely different company!
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Reviewed in the United States on February 16, 2024
★★★★★ 3
Cute
Color: Pink, Style: Grunt Sound
Really cute toy broke in a day and It stopped honking but my dog still plays with it. Durable material. Good toy overall. Please fix the honk and we can buy more like it.
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Reviewed in the United States on April 1, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Great find for my dog!
Color: Hedgehog, Style: Big Squeak Hedgehog
This is a Big squeaking toy And has become a favorite of my dog. He is a big chewer but he won’t chew at this one he just carries it around and plays catch with it. I believe the little spikes keeps him from heavy chewing on it! Great find for us! But it is a loud squeak!
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Reviewed in the United States on March 26, 2026
★★★★★ 5
For the love of a dog!
Color: Blue, Style: Tootiez Hedgehog, Color: Blue, Style: Tootiez Hedgehog
Okay, first - this toy is a hoot. When you first get it and hear it's cute grunting/tooting sound, you can't help but grin and think, Yup! That sounds like somebody in here just tooted! Which for some reason always does seem to be a bit funny, doesn't it? And you'll probably find yourself chuckling a little and saying, Oh how cute. After that, the next logical step is you'll introduce the toy to your dog. And then, depending on your dog's particular personality, you may soon discover (as we did) the amazing love/hate relationship a human can develop with a simple dog toy.
We have a 1-yr-old standard poodle whom we named Kenda. And yes, he is named after Joe (for any of you ID fans out there). His official AKC registered name is Lieutenant Kenda, Home Inside Hunter. Corny? No doubt. But it truly seemed an appropriate name for him, because this is the first dog we've ever owned that actually LOVES to play with dog toys and will endlessly hunt them down throughout the house. No toy, however well hidden, stands a chance with this determined toy hunter. As Joe might say, he WILL find you! :) His toys are his friends, and he is fiercely devoted to them.
Enter the adorable little rubber hedgehog with his even more adorable "toot". The moment Kenda laid eyes (or ears?) on this little guy, all other toys were forgotten. It was love at first sight. So much so that within a few hours of him playing with this toy to the exclusion of all others, we decided to give him a name. We call him "Blue" (I know, we're so creative). Blue immediately became Kenda's best friend - or at least his best toy. He played with him constantly. He bit him, he wrestled with him, he chewed on him. He brought Blue to us and, if we were sitting down, very carefully placed this slobbery ball of rubber in our laps, as if asking, Can we play catch with Blue? Huh? Pretty please?? Sometimes we did, sometimes we didn't. On those occasions when we didn't, he would play catch with himself, picking Blue up in his mouth, swinging his head, and tossing him across the kitchen; then running/sliding across the kitchen floor to retrieve him on the other side of the room. In the beginning, if Blue was nowhere in sight (and with dogs, out of sight is usually out of mind), the hubby and I would get a kick out of saying, "Kenda, where's Blue?!" Just for the enormous fun of watching a 55-pound poodle suddenly leap a foot in the air, scramble his legs mid-air like Fred Flintstone getting his car started, then half running/half sliding across the kitchen hardwood floor in a desperate effort to find his beloved Blue. Oh, how we entertained ourselves in those early days watching Kenda with his Blue. And through it all, through every bite, squeeze, toss, push, throw, and chew of this toy.......the toot. The grunt. Okay, let's call it what it really sounds like, folks: a FART, okay? There, I've said it. It sounds like your grandpa just passed gas - bigtime. Funny? At first, yes. Hilarious. But a thousand times a day? Over and over and over? While you're trying to talk on the phone? While you're trying to have conversation with each other over coffee at the end of the day? Sometimes for an hour NON-STOP? Well, let's just say the humor of it all began to elude us a bit. And therein lies our love/hate relationship with this adorable little toy.
We thought we'd died and gone to heaven one day when Blue stopped tooting. Turns out Kenda had chewed on him so much his tooter (located rather anatomically correctly in his tushie) had fallen out. Or rather IN, since it was now in Blue's tummy. Poor Blue, he couldn't make noise anymore, and although Kenda kept playing with him you could tell he was confused as to why his little buddy had fallen silent and wouldn't "talk" to him anymore. And as much as the hubby and I were enjoying the tooting reprieve, we couldn't take it. By the third silent day, I could almost feel the invisible hands of Amazon coaxing me toward my computer, gently urging me to buy another Blue. But I resisted, folks. I did NOT buy another Blue. I bought TWO more Blues! One for now, and one for that possible future day when this Blue, too, falls silent. Why? Because ... well, because it's BLUE! He's practically a member of the family now. The dog loves Blue, and we love the dog. I guess it's that simple.
My final word on this dog toy? It's adorable. It's well made and will hold up to a ton of play and chewing. His tooter may not survive as long; I guess that remains to be seen. And if your dog is anything like mine, well then your sanity may take a hit as well. But if your dog loves his little hedgehog buddy as ours does, and if you love your dog (and you know you do!), then you might decide your sanity is worth the risk.
Two thumbs way, WAY up!
P.S. Blue now has a friend. We just bought the pink sheep. Kenda is in 7th heaven. Our house sounds like a retirement home after a chili bean supper. And yes, we named him "Pink". I told you - we are nothing if not creative.
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Reviewed in the United States on June 6, 2018
★★★★★ 5
My Dog's All-Time Favorite Toy
Color: Pink, Style: Grunt Sound
The first one of these I ever got her was at Petco on sale for $1 - best $1 ever!
The reviews are right, though. The toy doesn't last forever and it's not good for aggressive chewers. In my opinion, however, that doesn't make it a bad toy. Here's why:
Aggressive chewers comments: Getting my sister's French Bulldog a stuffed toy (that's shredded in 5 minutes), compared to my Pitbull who does not tear up any toys, but is a stronger chewer when it comes to bones. My pup does not tear this up at all, but my sister's dog would. My point is: Don't get your dog a soft toy if your dog ruins soft toys.
Regarding the not long-lasting comments: the honking noise mechanism inside eventually pops inside the hole, rendering it honkless. Ours lasted about 6 months. It's pretty much impossible to fix unless you want to trouble yourself to fix it for 1 good honk each fix. I would, but I do also have a job to get to. My dog does still carry it around in it's noiseless state, but she doesn't play with it with the same enthusiasm.
How did I resolve this? I bought her 5 😂 She's only on her second, but I decided to stock it because they were on sale for $5.10 - I don't think I will get rid of any of them. I will just let her play with them on rotation until they fall apart.
Besides all that, my dog just simply loves this toy. I have never seen her so happy & playful with a toy. I can't promise this for your dog, as I can only tell you about mine.
We even have a "Sheepy" song.
[I have not been paid or given free Sheeps - my Sweet Pea just really loves her Sheepy]
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Reviewed in the United States on March 26, 2024
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