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The Holy Roman Empire: A Very Short IntroductionVoltaire's description of the Holy Roman Empire as "neither holy, nor Roman, nor an empire" is often cited to underline its worthlessness. German historians traditionally despised it because it had allegedly impeded German unification. Since 1945 scholars have been more positive but the empire's history and significance is still largely misunderstood. In this Very Short Introduction Joachim Whaley outlines the fascinating thousand year history of the
Voltaire's description of the Holy Roman Empire as "neither holy, nor Roman, nor an empire" is often cited to underline its worthlessness. German historians traditionally despised it because it had allegedly impeded German unification. Since 1945 scholars have been more positive but the empire's history and significance is still largely misunderstood. In this Very Short Introduction Joachim Whaley outlines the fascinating thousand-year history of the Holy Roman Empire. Founded in 800 on the basis of Charlemagne's Frankish kingdom, its imperial title went to the German monarchy which became established in the ninth and ten centuries. They claimed Charlemagne's legacy, including his role as protector of the papacy and guardian of the Church. Around 1500 the title Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation was adopted. An elective monarchy, the empire gradually developed from a feudal monarchy into a legal system that pacified the territories and cities of German-speaking Europe. By 1519 it had a supreme court and a regional enforcement system ended feuding. Throughout its lifetime, the empire's growth and history was shaped by the major developments in Europe, from the Reformation, to the Thirty Years War, to the French revolutionary wars, which led to Napoleon destroying the empire in 1806. The sense of a common history over a thousand years and the legal traditions established by the empire have shaped the history of German-speaking Europe ever since. Joachim Whaley analyzes the empire's crucial impact and role in the history of European power and politics, and shows that there has never been a more durable political system in German history. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.Binding Type: Paperback
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Published: 10/01/2018
ISBN: 9780198748762
Pages: 176
Weight: 0.26lbs
Size: 6.80h x 4.20w x 0.50d
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★★★★★ 5
Polarized stylish RayBans
Color: Black/G-15 Green Polarized, Lens Width: 51 Millimeters
Style is versatile for all occasions, fits to nose comfortably and nose pads are adjustable. Polarized for maximum protection with RayBan stamp on lens, great quality glass lenses, with stylish border all around.
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Reviewed in the United States on April 17, 2025
★★★★★ 5
Stylist and Functional
Color: Copper/Clear Gradient Blue, Lens Width: 51 Millimeters
I couldn’t be happier with these sunglasses. The style is absolutely timeless sleek, modern, and effortlessly cool. They elevate any outfit, whether I’m dressed up for a day out or keeping it casual.
What really impressed me is the functionality. The lenses provide excellent UV protection, and the clarity is fantastic even in bright sunlight. They’re lightweight yet feel durable, and I can wear them for hours without any discomfort.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 23, 2025
★★★★★ 5
My favorite everyday sunglasses
Color: Gold/Brown Gradient Mirrored Blue, Lens Width: 51 Millimeters
They are so stylish. I get compliments on them all the time.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 23, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Las amo
Color: Gold/Brown Gradient Mirrored Blue, Lens Width: 51 Millimeters
La amo, me encantan el tamaño, el color, todo.
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Reviewed in the United States on June 7, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Soy fiel fan a la marca
Color: Legend Gold/Clear Gradient Grey, Lens Width: 51 Millimeters, Color: Legend Gold/Clear Gradient Grey, Lens Width: 51 Millimeters
No me pongo otro tipo de espejuelos que no sea Ray Ban
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Reviewed in the United States on June 4, 2026
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